Transient Ruddlesden-Popper-Type Defects and Their Influence on Grain Growth and Properties of Lithium Lanthanum Titanate Solid Electrolyte (2024)

Borštnar, P., Dražić, G., Šala, M., Lin, C. A., Lin, S. K., Spreitzer, M., & Daneu, N. (2024). Transient Ruddlesden-Popper-Type Defects and Their Influence on Grain Growth and Properties of Lithium Lanthanum Titanate Solid Electrolyte. ACS nano, 18(16), 10850-10862. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c00706

Borštnar, Petruša ; Dražić, Goran ; Šala, Martin et al. / Transient Ruddlesden-Popper-Type Defects and Their Influence on Grain Growth and Properties of Lithium Lanthanum Titanate Solid Electrolyte. In: ACS nano. 2024 ; Vol. 18, No. 16. pp. 10850-10862.

@article{adef582b422142dfbe178bbb2b320506,

title = "Transient Ruddlesden-Popper-Type Defects and Their Influence on Grain Growth and Properties of Lithium Lanthanum Titanate Solid Electrolyte",

abstract = "Lithium lanthanum titanate (LLTO) perovskite is one of the most promising electrolytes for all-solid-state batteries, but its performance is limited by the presence of grain boundaries (GBs). The fraction of GBs can be significantly reduced by the preparation of coarse-grained LLTO ceramics. In this work, we describe an alternative approach to the fabrication of ceramics with large LLTO grains based on self-seeded grain growth. In compositions with the starting stoichiometry for the Li0.20La0.60TiO3 phase and with a high excess addition of Li (Li:La:Ti = 11:15:25), microstructure development starts with the formation of the layered RP-type Li2La2Ti3O10 phase. Grains with many RP-type defects initially develop into large platelets with thicknesses of up to 10 μm and lengths over 100 μm. Microstructure development continues with the crystallization of LLTO perovskite, epitaxially on the platelets and as smaller grains with thinner in-grain RP-lamellae. Theoretical calculations confirmed that the formation of RP-type sequences is energetically favored and precedes the formation of the LLTO perovskite phase. At around 1250 °C, the RP-type sequences become thermally unstable and gradually recrystallize to LLTO via the ionic exchange between the Li-rich RP-layers and the neighboring Ti and La layers as shown by quantitative HAADF-STEM. At higher sintering temperatures, LLTO grains become free of RP-type defects and the small grains recrystallize onto the large platelike seed grains via Ostwald ripening. The final microstructure is coarse-grained LLTO with total ionic conductivity in the range of 1 × 10-4 S/cm.",

author = "Petru{\v s}a Bor{\v s}tnar and Goran Dra{\v z}i{\'c} and Martin {\v S}ala and Lin, {Che An} and Lin, {Shih Kang} and Matja{\v z} Spreitzer and Nina Daneu",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.",

year = "2024",

month = apr,

day = "23",

doi = "10.1021/acsnano.4c00706",

language = "English",

volume = "18",

pages = "10850--10862",

journal = "ACS nano",

issn = "1936-0851",

publisher = "American Chemical Society",

number = "16",

}

Borštnar, P, Dražić, G, Šala, M, Lin, CA, Lin, SK, Spreitzer, M & Daneu, N 2024, 'Transient Ruddlesden-Popper-Type Defects and Their Influence on Grain Growth and Properties of Lithium Lanthanum Titanate Solid Electrolyte', ACS nano, vol. 18, no. 16, pp. 10850-10862. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c00706

Transient Ruddlesden-Popper-Type Defects and Their Influence on Grain Growth and Properties of Lithium Lanthanum Titanate Solid Electrolyte. / Borštnar, Petruša; Dražić, Goran; Šala, Martin et al.
In: ACS nano, Vol. 18, No. 16, 23.04.2024, p. 10850-10862.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Transient Ruddlesden-Popper-Type Defects and Their Influence on Grain Growth and Properties of Lithium Lanthanum Titanate Solid Electrolyte

AU - Borštnar, Petruša

AU - Dražić, Goran

AU - Šala, Martin

AU - Lin, Che An

AU - Lin, Shih Kang

AU - Spreitzer, Matjaž

AU - Daneu, Nina

N1 - Publisher Copyright:© 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

PY - 2024/4/23

Y1 - 2024/4/23

N2 - Lithium lanthanum titanate (LLTO) perovskite is one of the most promising electrolytes for all-solid-state batteries, but its performance is limited by the presence of grain boundaries (GBs). The fraction of GBs can be significantly reduced by the preparation of coarse-grained LLTO ceramics. In this work, we describe an alternative approach to the fabrication of ceramics with large LLTO grains based on self-seeded grain growth. In compositions with the starting stoichiometry for the Li0.20La0.60TiO3 phase and with a high excess addition of Li (Li:La:Ti = 11:15:25), microstructure development starts with the formation of the layered RP-type Li2La2Ti3O10 phase. Grains with many RP-type defects initially develop into large platelets with thicknesses of up to 10 μm and lengths over 100 μm. Microstructure development continues with the crystallization of LLTO perovskite, epitaxially on the platelets and as smaller grains with thinner in-grain RP-lamellae. Theoretical calculations confirmed that the formation of RP-type sequences is energetically favored and precedes the formation of the LLTO perovskite phase. At around 1250 °C, the RP-type sequences become thermally unstable and gradually recrystallize to LLTO via the ionic exchange between the Li-rich RP-layers and the neighboring Ti and La layers as shown by quantitative HAADF-STEM. At higher sintering temperatures, LLTO grains become free of RP-type defects and the small grains recrystallize onto the large platelike seed grains via Ostwald ripening. The final microstructure is coarse-grained LLTO with total ionic conductivity in the range of 1 × 10-4 S/cm.

AB - Lithium lanthanum titanate (LLTO) perovskite is one of the most promising electrolytes for all-solid-state batteries, but its performance is limited by the presence of grain boundaries (GBs). The fraction of GBs can be significantly reduced by the preparation of coarse-grained LLTO ceramics. In this work, we describe an alternative approach to the fabrication of ceramics with large LLTO grains based on self-seeded grain growth. In compositions with the starting stoichiometry for the Li0.20La0.60TiO3 phase and with a high excess addition of Li (Li:La:Ti = 11:15:25), microstructure development starts with the formation of the layered RP-type Li2La2Ti3O10 phase. Grains with many RP-type defects initially develop into large platelets with thicknesses of up to 10 μm and lengths over 100 μm. Microstructure development continues with the crystallization of LLTO perovskite, epitaxially on the platelets and as smaller grains with thinner in-grain RP-lamellae. Theoretical calculations confirmed that the formation of RP-type sequences is energetically favored and precedes the formation of the LLTO perovskite phase. At around 1250 °C, the RP-type sequences become thermally unstable and gradually recrystallize to LLTO via the ionic exchange between the Li-rich RP-layers and the neighboring Ti and La layers as shown by quantitative HAADF-STEM. At higher sintering temperatures, LLTO grains become free of RP-type defects and the small grains recrystallize onto the large platelike seed grains via Ostwald ripening. The final microstructure is coarse-grained LLTO with total ionic conductivity in the range of 1 × 10-4 S/cm.

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DO - 10.1021/acsnano.4c00706

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Borštnar P, Dražić G, Šala M, Lin CA, Lin SK, Spreitzer M et al. Transient Ruddlesden-Popper-Type Defects and Their Influence on Grain Growth and Properties of Lithium Lanthanum Titanate Solid Electrolyte. ACS nano. 2024 Apr 23;18(16):10850-10862. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00706