Final Project Report - quarrylifeaward.com · 1/3 Final Project Report 1. Contestant profile Contestant name: Kristjan Erlandsson, Petter Lindström Contestant occupation: Landscape - [PDF Document] (2024)

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Final Project Report

1. Contestant profile

Contestant name: Kristjan Erlandsson, Petter Lindstrm

Contestant occupation: Landscape architecture students

University / Organisation Swedish University of AgriculturalSciences

E-mail:

Phone (incl. country code):

Number of people in your team: 2

2. Project overview

Title: Biodiversity Framed - a design strategy for Ltenquarry

Contest: Quarry Life Award 2016

Quarry name: Lten

Prize category: (select all appropriate)

Education and Raising Awareness

Habitat and Species Research

Biodiversity Management

Student Project

Beyond Quarry Borders

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Abstract

Traditional restoration of sand and gravel quarries in Swedenhas been first and foremost focused on hiding the

traces of the industry, and the mark it has left in thelandscape. This contradict itself since the landscape already

has been altered to a point where it is not possible to returnto an original landscape. Furthermore this approach

diminishes biological values and the high biodiversity found inquarries. Many of the unique species that lives in

the harsh quarry landscape has taken refuge here due to changedland-use in Sweden. These species are

dependent on the disturbance that the industrial activitycreates, which keeps the vegetation in an early

succession stage. Since fewer quarry permits is being issuedtoday, these type of environments could become

more rare in the future. Our projekt Biodiversity Framed, is adesign strategy for an after-treatment of the sand

and gravel quarry Lten outside of Stockholm.

The quarry consists of a linear landscape six kilometers fromnorth to south, and has an impressive species

richness with several red listed species. The starting point ofour work is the quarry permit which was granted in

January 2016, lasting until 2036. Our design strategy followsthe pattern of future extraction plans at Lten, and

will be implemented as the industry is being phased out. Thepurpose of the design strategy is to increase

biodiversity in the quarry, both during and after theextraction, where human recreation will replace the industrial

disturbance. When the industrial activity at Lten is over, thegoal is that the threatened species that exists in the

area today are preserved and can be presented to visitors.

Well-functioning ecosystems with high biodiversity can be hardto understand, and people often perceive these

environments as neglected. To give people a sense of the sitesrelevance and ecological qualities, the site

requires cues to care, traces of human impact. By givingendangered species at Lten a framework, the sites

status can be increased, and people will perceive it in adifferent way. The design strategy frames biodiversity

within the industrial traces of Lten. The landscape at Ltenneeds a framework that highlights, explains, and

makes the site look cared for.

By mapping and studying the red-listed species and biotopes atLten, we found design solutions where

recreation, learning and biodiversity could coexist. Throughseveral inventory visits to Lten, research of land

use and through literature studies we could pinpoint thespecific habitats at Lten that are characteristic for sand

and gravel quarries in Sweden. In order to find localinitiatives, engagement and to get ideas, we contacted local

stakeholders

The design strategy consists of eight designed biotopes thateach displays and informs about an endangered

species found at Lten and its surroundings. These designedbiotopes are linked together via a pathway that

also serves as an ecological corridor that gives the site anoverall idea of orientation The design strategy

consists of several stages, and should be implemented as theindustrial activity decreases. The design is based

upon theoretical knowledge about the endangered species andtheir living requirements. Instead of carrying out

an after treatment using traditional principles, this proposalaims to reimagine quarry restoration using recent

scientific findings to promote biodiversity.

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Final report

Disclaimer

Our master thesis in landscape architecture Biodiversity Framed- a design strategy for Lten quarry,

Addendum 2, is a key part of our work.The thesis can be foundhere: http://stud.epsilon.slu.se/9565/

This report is to be seen as summary of the master thesis, andthe references to the addendum will be made

throughout the report as: (Ax , page. x). The thesis is writtenin Swedish and the facts and findings in this report

are a result of the finding in our thesis. The illustrations,visualizations and plans are what makes our findings

come alive, and what captures the essences of what we aslandscape architects can bring to the table in this

competition. These illustrative aspects of the thesis has beensummarized and compiled in Addendum 1.

Throughout the report, we will refer to the addendums as A1 andA2.

Introduction

Lten is characterized by the pale sand, dust incrusted pinetrees, azure blue waters and rusty industrial

structures. This is a landscape and a habitat created by theindustry. The site is a place that differs enormously

from the surrounding landscape. Few people at Eker and in theStockholm region have set there foot in this

landscape, and it seems to be somewhat of a grey area in themental map of Stockholm. Even fewer people

know of the Ltens history and how the quarry has contributed tothe building of the modern Stockholm. The

industrial heritage of Lten lies hidden, and we would like totell this story. Our after-treatment has been guided

by species and habitat conservation principles connected to thespecies that lives in this type of environment (A2

p. 29-31). During the this project we constantly reflected ofthe core essence of our profession, and what we as

landscape architects can accomplish. In the process of aftertreatment and development of finished quarries,

limestone quarries has come to be given greater attention thansand and gravel quarries. By choosing Lten as

our project site, we got the opportunity to explore how a sandand gravel quarry can be reimagined into an

interesting landscape for visitors.

Objectives

In our work we focused on the endangered species found at thequarry, that lives here not despite the quarry,

but because of it. These species are strongly connected to theharsh and disturbed quarry habitat. They need a

vegetation in an early succession stage with disturbance tothrive. When the industry comes to an end

something else needs to replace this disturbance. At the sametime, we are noticing an international trend where

derelict or phased out industrial areas are becomingincreasingly popular as tourist attractions. Our ambition and

aim was to show, through our design strategy proposal, an aftertreatment that safeguards and informs about

biodiversity and red listed species. We also want to strenghtenLtens contact with the surrounding landscape

and give local associations the possibility to get involved.

Background information

The Lten quarry is located on the tip of the Muns-island in Ekermunicipality (A2, p. 17). The quarry has a

rich history and is a part of the cultural heritage of Eker. Atthe site, mining has been executed for over 140

years. The huge masses of sand and gravel from Lten is acornerstone in the Stockholm cityscape. The

landscape has been truly altered, but soon the quarrying will bereaching its final stage of extraction. The

http://stud.epsilon.slu.se/9565/

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quarrying came to be executed at Lten, because of the richamount of glacifluvial deposit at the site that the

esker Uppsalasen has given rise to. Arriving from the mainlandyou pass the Drottningholm castle, and the

cultural and agricultural landscape of the Eker islands. Thiscreates a huge contrast as you reach the harsh

dusty quarry landscape. It would seem like this moon-likelandscape would be somewhat of a desert in the

wildlife aspect. Quite the opposite is true. Lten inhibitsseveral red listed species and some extremely

endangered ones. At our first site visit to Lten, in February,we were fascinated by the large scale. The mighty

scale testifies of activities that required large spaces, and ofa industry that has changed the landscape greatly.

The esker that once was here is now in Stockholm!

Project site Lten

The project site (A1, p. 1) lies within the existing quarryborders. In northern part of the quarry by Laxsjn, an

after-treatment has already been carried out. The local anglingclub Pliggen manages the area. Mlararna

Outdoor Association, a wildlife-and-outdoor organization, makesreoccurring visits and excursions to this part of

Muns. Today Laxsjn is only open to the public as long as thequarry is opened, where a gate closes the area

during closed hours. Slightly south of Laxsjn, Jehander is goingto store large masses of bedrock from the huge

infrastructure-project Frbifart Stockholm. This storage-area of30 hectares, is marked L1 in the quarry permit

(A1, p. 2). Adjacent to this storage-area a five hectarewetland, marked V1 in the quarry permit, is planned to be

built (A1, p. 2). The production area with a machine park is theheart of the quarry, here the material is shipped

via cargo ships to the Stockholm region. A 25 meter widedumper-road connects the bigger mining area in the

south to the production area. This is the main transportationroute for materials at Lten. South of the southern

border of Lten, is a nature reserve called Bonavik which can beexplored by a nature trail. Adjacent to Bonavik,

there is a small scale parking space for visitors. West of thenature reserve, outside the quarry border, is an

overgrown lake called Snorran, which according to TheOrnithological Society of Stockholm, is of ornithological

interest.

The IUCN Red List

The International Union for Conservation of Nature has foundedthe Red list-classification, which evaluates the

risk of species extinction. Every five years, the Swedishnational Red List is publicized by Artdatabanken at The

Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU). The purposeof the Red List is to evaluate the condition of

species, to be able to take measures for improving the situationof threatened species. The Red List consists of

the following classifications: (EX)Extinct, (RE)Regionallyextinct, (CR)Critically endangered, (EN) Endangered ,

(VU) Vulnerable, (NT) Near threatened.

Method

Site visit Lten

Early on we decided to make site visits to experience Ltenslandscape. During February and March we made

two site visits to Lten, and then one later in May. Siteanalysis, photo documentation and simple sketches were

made in the field. The sites overall layout, entrances,destination points, habitats and roads were documented.

At our second visit at Lten we received a large amount ofhistorical photos. We also got in touch with staff who

has worked at Lten for several decades.

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Vision

In view of the fact that Lten is situated close to Stockholm,there is a huge potential to bring a large number of

people to the site and to create a public interest in ecotourismand biodiversity. By making the site accessible via

trails and design inventions, biodiversity and industrialheritage can be highlighted. As of today, there is no

comprehensive restoration plan for Lten. Many of the red listedspecies that lives here need disturbance, and

by bringing people to the site this can be achieved. We want tocreate a site where; biodiversity, cultural

heritage, education, and recreation can coexist.

Literature studies

The literature studies focused on the biodiversity in Swedishquarries and the red listed species that lives here.

Through this we could identify the habitats that are unique tosand and gravel quarries in general and Lten in

particular. The literature studies focused on the habitat causedby the industrial activities at Lten and the red

listed species that are related to these habitats. We alsostudied Eker municipalitys plans regarding land use,

ecology and cultural heritage. This was done to gain anunderstanding of the area's context and municipal

ambitions. Via the County Administrative Board, we got reportsof the abundance of certain red listed species at

Lten and programs for preservation of these endangeredspecies.

Biotopes and species

The Swedish Species Observation System is a database forobservations of species of the Swedish flora and

fauna. In the database one can search amongst the over 50million findings of species, and see on a map where

the species was found. At Lten, there are 27 red listed specieslinked to the biotopes of a sand and gravel

quarry (A1, p. 3). There are additional red listed species atLten, but these are not connected to the biotopes of

sand and gravel quarries. The searches in the database wheremade between the years 2000-2016, with a focus

on species that lives at Lten because of the industry. Accordingto researchers at SLU the searches was within

the margin of what can be considered as credible given thespecies abundance and vitality, that is to say; that

the species remains on the site today.The quarry was alsoanalyzed in a regional ecological context, and we

explored the possibilities of bringing red listed species in theregion to the site. If the right conditions are

provided, these species will find their way to Lten bythemselves. For these species, that potentially could thrive

here, the search in the database was made within a larger area,with a distance that was reasonable in view of

the desired species' ability to reach Lten (A1, p. 3).

Selection of biotopes and species

Our research led to a selection of eight biotopes that arecharacteristic at a sand-and gravel quarry. Each of

these biotopes was then connected with what we call an "umbrellaspecies", a species which thrives in that

biotope. The umbrella-species was chosen from the red listedspecies of Lten, all of which are connected to the

environments of sand and gravel quarries. If the umbrellaspecies needs are fulfilled, other species that thrive in

the same biotope are also supported. The umbrella species wasselected through five criteria we put forward:

1. The species is red listed, and the status in the red list:More threatened species was favored in the selection.

2. The species is linked to other red listed species: Speciesthat function as hosts or in other way live in

symbioses with other red listed species was favored in theselection.

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3. Regional and national prevalence: Species that regionallyoccurs scarce or from a national perspective is

having difficulties was favored in the selection.

4. Future threats to the species: The species history is takeninto consideration.

5. Visual communicability: A selection was made based on howwell the species could be presented to visitors,

species we considered as unassuming was not selected. To evokeinterest and curiosity in the visitor, the

species must be able to offer a visual beauty.

Quarry Permit

By studying Jehanders future development plans (A1, p. 2) andthe newly granted quarry permit, we got an

overview of which areas of Lten that is to be changed and whichones that will be saved from further industrial

activity. By comparing the masses of extraction with annualproduction, we have made an assessment of how

long Ltens different areas will be industrially active.Jehanders development plans was the compared with the

findings from The Swedish Species Observation System. Throughthis we were able to understand where the

red listed species can thrive in the future, and where they arein danger of disappearing.

Local stakeholders

In order to take advantage of local initiatives, commitments,and to get ideas, we contacted local associations

The stakeholders we contacted included: The Nature ConservationSociety of Mlararna, The Ornithological

Society of Stockholm, Pliggen Angling Club, Haglunds Apiaries,County Administrative Board, Mlararna

Outdoor Association and the Municipality of Eker. Somestakeholders requests were general, others more

place-specific (A2, p. 24).

Result

A design strategy was created with the aim to manage the highlyuncertain future of the site, and is to be

implemented in stages as the industry comes to an end (A1, p.5). The strategy revolves around eight selected

and designed biotopes. The biotopes we found characteristic fora sand and gravel quarry were designed to

create sensory experiences for visitors and be aestheticallypleasing while also promoting and presenting an

umbrella species (A1, p. 4). The design strategy also makes thelandscape easy to orientate via a main path for

visitors. The existing dumper road is being remodeled into theprimary transportation passage, becoming the

spine of Lten (A1, p. 7). The spine fulfills the function as acorridor for the sandy sun exposed soil, where bigger

areas of the biotope is linked together. By using the spine as astarting point, the eight designed biotopes can be

experienced. These are the selected biotopes with their umbrellaspecies:

Shallow quarry waters- Little ringed plover(LC), Sandy slope -Sand martin(NT), Steep bedrock - Eagle-owl(VU), Sandy

nutrient-poor Mlaren shore - Alisma Wahlenbergii (VU),Sun-exposed sandy soil- Sand wasp (NT), Power line corridor -

Silver-spotter skipper (NT), Concrete culvert - Natterers bat(VU), Clearing in sandy pine forest- Clover moth(VU)

Working with Lten, we have found traces and stories that testifyof the human impact on the landscape. During

our site visits at Lten, through interviews and the studies ofhundreds of historical photos, the traces of industry

came to life - before our eyes. Lten and its landscape needs aframework that highlights and explains the site

and its ecology. By giving threatened species at Lten anaesthetically pleasing setting, the status of the site will

increase and people will see the landscape in a different light.The industrial heritage of Lten and our

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interpretation of it, is our framework in the design and formsour design strategy: Biodiversity Framed.

Stages of implementation

The design strategy consists of six stages and follows Jehandersplans for a gradual phase-out of the industry,

from south to north (A1, p. 2). Existing paths and roads arelinked together as the spine is being constructed. Via

the spine visitors can experience Lten by foot or kayak (A1,p.7). The after treatment starts in the south and

Lten is linked to the nature reserve and its existing parkingspace, this will be the initial entrance for a visiting

Lten. In the middle of the quarry a new main entrance will bebuilt in time which will also connect to the sea,

stage 4 (A1, p. 5). This main entrance will later become thenatural starting point of a visit to Lten. Here, visitors

have the opportunity to learn more about Ltens heritage, floraand fauna and rent kayaks and bikes.

The eight designed biotopes:

1. Bird Islands - Quarry-lake becomes bird area (A1, p. 8) Stage1

The extraction of material in the southern part of the quarry,marked N4 in the quarry-permit (A1, p. 2), is

planned to be executed bellow groundwater-level, and this willleave an open body of water. After extraction this

area should be turned in to a bird area where a lake is createdwith ideal circ*mstances for Little ringe plover,

Charadrius dubius. The species is classified as least concern,but since few new quarry permits are granted, and

existing quarries often gets covered with soil after extraction,the habitat for the species is threatened. The bird

lays its eggs directly on the ground, so disturbance fromvisitors is not suitable close to the nest. Larger remote

islands are created in this new quarry lake where the bird canlay its eggs in a undisturbed environment. Since

there will be no disturbance on these islands, the vegetationwill grow higher here, which will protect the species

further. The islands that are available to visitors are reachedthrough footbridges, to allow movement between

the islands and the eastern and western shore of the lake. Thefootbridges design is inspired by the industrial

structures at Lten. The lake is constructed with a complexshoreline, which creates many micro-habitats. The

shoreline is to be shallow to promote biodiversity, and is idealfor shorebirds. No crayfish or fish is to be put in to

the lake as this diminishes biodiversity. A nature trail runsalong the shoreline and helps to keep the riparian

zone in an early stage of succession.

2. Floating bird observatory -Excavation-machine becomesbird-observatory (A1, p. 9) Stage 1

The southern part of the quarry, marked N4 in the quarry permit(A1, p. 2), is a site with great views and long

sight lines. Surrounded by quarry slopes the sand martins nests,that are dug into the slope, are easy to spot.

The large number of sand martins is here a spectacular sight. Anature trail runs around the new lake and allows

an experience where the visitor can see the sand martins rapidjourney through the air. The distance from the

trail to the slope is adapted so that the visitor easily can seethe birds nests. The slope itself protects the bird

and the colonies, which is sufficient protection against people.An excavator on floating pontoons, a so called

schwimmgreifer, is placed in this large-scale landscape. Itmakes a great destination-point for visitors and serves

as a bird observation tower, which the Ornithological Society ofStockholm expressed a wish for. The sand

martin is protected indirectly, as the species is presented andinformed about to visitors. The bird tower has a

rest-area and is equipped with a binocular station where thevisitor can see into the sand martins nests. The bird

tower also creates a feeling of reminiscence of the industrialactivity on the site. Visitors can now experience a

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schwimmgreifer in its right environment. The placement of theobservation tower in this bowl-shaped landscape

creates an initial buzz around Lten and encourages discovery ofthe site. In effect this creates an reoccurring

disturbance around the new lake and shoreline, which promotesmany species in this biotope.

3. Owl Pillar- Saved bedrock becomes a owl pillar (A1, p. 10)Stage 2

North of the southern quarry, marked BU in the quarry permit(A1, p. 2), lies a steep bedrock-ridge that is the

current excavation front. The ridge is about twenty meters highand almost vertical. The bedrock in this area is to

be fully excavated and the landscape will be left flat. TheNature Conservation Society of Mlararna has

pinpointed this area as a important nesting area for bird ofprey and wish it to be protected. As a part of the after

treatment a pillar of bedrock should be left from exploitationand will serve as a nesting area for the Eagle-owl,

Bubo bubo. On the pillars south facing side a mountain shelfshould be created where the owl can nest. The

pillar is 15 x 15 meters wide and its height is that of theexisting bedrock. The height of the pillar provides the owl

with the protection and the outlook that it needs. From thepillar the distance to the nearest wooded area about

150 meters. The distance to the nearest agricultural land isapproximately 200 meters. This varied landscape

creates a good hunting environment for the owl. The pillarconstitutes a great powerful landmark in this now flat

landscape, and reminds the visitor of the mighty ridge that onceexisted on the site.

4. Frame it - Experience industrial heritage and a rareunderwater plant (A1, p. 11) Stage 3+5

The rare underwater plant Alisma wahlenbergii, prefers sunlitsand-and gravel shores in slightly brackish water

where the nutrient supply is low and the water is clear. Ceasedreed removance and the reduced use of grazing

animals by the shore in Sweden, has had negative consequencesfor the species; this favors fast tall-growing

vegetation by the shore which reduces light to the underwaterplant. It is not desirable to create a visitation-spot

at the primary site of Alisma Wahlenbergii close to Bisjn, sincehuman disturbance in the wrong way could

damage the plants. Instead, an alternative observation area iscreated about one kilometer from this primary site.

Here an new shallow bay is created, surrounded by a concreteframe. The frame creates a calm water where the

visitor easily can see to the bottom. The calm water providesminimal clouding which creates a well lit sea

bottom for the smaller colony of Alisma wahlenberggi that hasbeen moved here from the original observation

area. The shape of the concrete structure is inspired by oldsediment pools formerly used in the quarrying-

industry at Lten. The frame gives the species an importance andhighlights it. Today several sunken cargo

ships that was once used at Lten is to be found along the shorein this part of the quarry. Along the walk-able

frame the visitors can experience this very rare underwaterplant as well as the sunken cargo ships. In and

around the area south of the frame an area for grazing animalsshould be created. The area has nutritious soil,

marked LB in the quarry-permit (A1, p. 2) which can support thevegetation the animals need. The grazing

animals should be cattle, since these animals are best suitedfor grazing by shores. The grazing benefits the

underwater plant since it reduces nutrient supply to the waterand keeps higher vegetation away, which

increases the amount of light that hits the bottom. We seepossibilities for local farmers to obtain a piece of land

for their animals, or to bring animals from a agriculturalinstitution in the Stockholm region.

5. Bee-paradise- Exercise and bees in co-existence (A1, p. 12)Stage 5

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After the extraction this topographically varied area, marked N2in the quarry-permit (A1, p. 2) will be left flat. At

this site an optimal habitat for bees should be created. Thisnew bee-paradise also serves as an area for

exercise and play for people of all ages. A series of mounds,facing the sun, creates a warm microclimate for the

sun loving wasp, Bembix rostata. These mounds creates a warmmicroclimate for both humans and insects,

where the wind is stopped and the suns heat is amplified. Themounds offers a suitable environment for regional

plants which provides nutrition to the bees. Between the moundsthere are different exercise activities e.g. an

obstacle course for exercise and play. Human disturbance iscrucial to the species, since lichens and ground

covering vegetation are held back. In the middle of the site anarea for bee-football is created, where football

can be played on the sand and gravel. This creates a disturbanceover the area which helps to keep the sand

exposed, so wasps and bees can build their nests. At the site,large-scale pyramids of sand and gravel are

preserved from the days of the industry. These could now be usedfor exercise and play. In the bee-paradise

there is also a mountain bike-trail, as well as facilities suchas smaller locker rooms and a wind shelter.

6. Butterfly Corridor- Power line corridor becomes butterflyhaven (A1, p. 13) Stage 5

The area underneath the power lines is the only part of thequarry where regular mechanical maintenance will be

performed in the future. Where power lines crosses areas of sandespecially valuable habitats for biodiversity

has been discovered. Many red listed species are linked to theearly succession stage in these power line

corridors, and these open sandy landscapes inhibits animpressive insect fauna. The valuable environment the

power line at Lten will partly be disrupted if the adjacentReaxsjn is expanded according to Jehanders plans

(A1, p. 2). Therefore we suggest an alternative shape of thelake where it does not cross the power line corridor.

A nature trail runs through the entire power line corridor wheremulti-functional butterfly hotels are placed. The

butterfly hotels serves as hibernation vessels for the silverspotted skipper, Hesperia comma, and other

butterflies. They also serve as seating and are included asobstacles in a mountain bike trail. The butterfly hotels

are placed throughout the area, and these destination pointscreates disturbance in the entire power line

corridor. The Mlararna Outdoor Association has expressed adesire for an opportunity to stay overnight at

Lten. Adjacent to the lake a small campsite is put up thatinitially is managed by the municipality. These smaller

cottages allows for overnight stay in and around them furtherdisturbance is created. The campsite could in time

be managed in a similar way as the Laxsjn-area where a localassociation leases and manages the site.

7. Bat machine- The production area promotes bats (A1, p. 14)Stage 5

In this designed biotope the focus has been to improve theexisting rather than making major additions. The

production area with its rusty, large-scale structures andmachinery creates an interesting place. This is where

the industry has left behind its most powerful traces. Insteadof removing the machine park it is embraced,

showing the visitor how the industry at Ltens production areawas built. The existing machinery and structures

is made accessible for visitors, where they freely can discoverand explore the site. The concrete culverts in the

machine park are enclosed and provided with holes to enable asafe hibernation for Natterers bat, Myotis

natteri. Existing willow is promoted in the area, and newplantings of the tree should be carried out. Willow with

its early bloom attracts insects in early spring, which iscrucial as the bat wakes up from its hibernation. This

seems to be the most important aspect for the survival of theanimal. The production area is lit up at night,

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creating a striking play of light, where the industry comes tolife. The design attracts insects at night. Wandering

several meters above the ground, visitors can experience thebats hunting over the summer night sky.

8. Clover clearings- Tires safeguards the biotope (A1, p. 15)Stage 6

Since the clover moth, Anacampsis fuscella, has a very limitedability to spread therefore measures in close

proximity to the findings of the species is needed. The clovermoth is strongly connected to its host plant zig zag

clover, Trifolium medium, and is found almost exclusively onthis plant. The moth has very high demands on the

clover growing in sun-exposed sand, and caterpillar nests haveonly been found on hard drought-stressed

plants. Clover moth is very unwilling to fly long distances anddoes not move far from the host plant. Most of the

findings of the moth has been made in the northern part of thequarry, adjacent to the production area. New

clearings will be created here, and is provided withnutrient-poor sand of varying volumes. In this gradient of

varied dry, sun-exposed sand the zig zag clover can establish*tself and good possibilities is thereby created for

the flower to get drought-stressed. Sand and gravel filleddumper tires are placed near the findings and are

planted with clover.These tires are moveable and once the clovermoth have settled, the tires can be moved to

both new and existing clearings in the sandy pine forest. Inthis way the species can spread over larger areas

and get a more protected location. The clearings in the pineforest with its large tires creates unexpected places

in the forest and some of them are made accessible through anature trail linking them together. In the clearings

information about the species will be available. The sand anddisturbance prevents the clearings from closing

themselves. Tires without sand will also be placed in theclearings, functioning as seating. The large-scale tires

hints about the industrial history of Lten, reminding of thehuge machines once roaming the landscape. When

the storage of masses from Frbifart Stockholm has ended and themasses have been removed, the storage

area marked L1 in the quarry permit (A1, p. 2), should be takeninto particular consideration regarding the

creation of new environments for clover moth. Here the groundshould be prepared, where the geo-barrier,

consisting of a clay layer, is removed so that the sandy gravelis exposed (A1, p.15).

Discussion

We have been following Jehanders future plans for Lten to alarge extent, but at the same time we have been

guided by the desire the promote biodiversity, which sometimeshas meant that we have developed alternative

solutions. Since the site is under massive change, the designstrategy must be flexible. If Jehander decides to

extract the quarry in an alternative manner, the design strategymust be altered thereafter, but as a general idea

for after treatment we are confident it will work. We believe itis important to create an initial interest for the site,

and we think the first stages could create this initial spark.As the quarry after treatment moves north, and more

stages are completed, more public and local interest is gained.The designed biotopes are not dependent on

each other, which makes it possible to complete just one or afew of them. Some of the designed biotopes are

more visionary and could be more expensive to complete, even so,if a interest is created, they could be

motivated later on. Estimated costs for the entire designstrategy: 850 000 euros. If the design strategy would be

implemented, more research has to be done. The disturbance whichis created by the design strategy is

expected to preserve an early succession state and prevent thesite from being overgrown. If the disturbance of

visitors is not sufficient, maintenance could be needed.

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Added value for biodiversity

Biodiversity Framed frames the red listed species and itsbiotopes, and the species are highlighted in an

interesting way. Since visitors is learning more about the redlisted species, they are receiving attention and are

therefore protected indirectly. Visitors from elementaryschools, universities and organizations could learn more

about the biotopes, species and their conditions by visitingLten and experience the landscape. Species with

similar needs as the ones we decided to highlight is protectedby the actions we put forward. Red listed species

outside of Lten will get the their needs fulfilled inside Ltensborders and given possibilities to thrive there. The

number of water bodies in Lten will increase, and some on theexisting ones will increase in size. The spine

functions as a biotope corridor between these bodies of water,creating a larger semi-connected biotope, from

Snorran in the south to the planned wetland in the north. If nomeasures are taken to preserve the biotopes and

the disturbance from the industry is not replaced, many of thered listed species that thrive here today will

disappear.

Added value for the society

An untold cultural heritage will be presented and this sitewhich has been closed for the public for decades will

now be opened. Lten is a site that many people have notexperienced, and our design strategy Biodiversity

Framed offers an interesting landscape that encouragescuriosity. There are many associations in the region that

can benefit from Ltens recreational aspects. Local associationsand businesses will get the opportunity to get

involved at Lten. Biodiversity Framed meets many needs, there isa place for everyone. By presenting visionary

ideas at an early stage, we want to give people a hint of thefuture.

Added value for the company

By embracing the industrial history, highlighting and explainingthe industrial heritage, people can get an

understanding that places like Lten is needed in the landscape.This together with the recreational and

biological values that is added to the site, will createpositive publicity for HeidelbergCement since quarrying

sometimes can be perceived as controversial. The company showssolidarity by opening the site to the public,

and through our proposal visitors can understand that this kindof landscape has a high value. In addition, the

proposal allows the company to actively use their land for thelocal community's best. The company has the

opportunity to launch a pioneer project, and step by step followits development. The projects methods, ideas

and approaches can be applied to the company's quarries aroundthe world, and this is perhaps our greatest

contribution to this competition.

Conclusion

Since the project has many connections to the local society,many organizations could get involved. As the

project is initiated, a group called Friends of Lten could becreated. The group is formed by the different

associations who all share a common interest in Lten. We hopethat this work can inspire and inform about a

new way of looking at after treatment of this kind ofenvironments, an after treatment which will be carried out

successively. Our after treatment is a post-industrial park werehuman recreation and biodiversity coexists. We

believe that our profession has an important role to play in thefuture regarding after treatment of quarries. As

landscape architects, it has been inspirational for us to takepart in this development.

12/12

To be kept and filled in at the end of your report

Project tags (select all appropriate):

This will be use to classify your project in the project archive(that is also available online)

Project focus:

xBiodiversity management

Cooperation programmes

xEducation and Raising awareness

xEndangered and protected species

Invasive species

xLandscape management - rehabilitation

xRehabilitation

xScientific research

xSoil management xUrban ecology

Water management Flora:

Conifers and cycads

Ferns

xFlowering plants

Fungi

Mosses and liverworts Fauna:

xAmphibians

xBirds

xDragonflies & Butterflies

Fish

Mammals

Reptiles

Spiders

xOther insects

Other species

Habitat:

Cave

xCliffs

Fields - crops/culture

xForest

Grassland

Human settlement

xOpen areas of rocky grounds

xRecreational areas

Screes

Shrubs & groves

xSoil

xWander biotopes

xWater bodies (flowing, standing)

xWetland

Stakeholders:

xAuthorities

xLocal community

xNGOs

xSchools

xUniversities

1Communications within LtenMap of Lten. Yellow line marks thequarry-border.

Skala 1:30 000

P

VGBOM

JEHANDERS KONTOR

laxsjn

NuVARANDE INFART

TIDIGARE infart

VG ANPASSAD FR DUMPRAR

BILVG

eftersatt gngstig

GNGSTRK

TKTGRNS

lastKAJ

Angrande vg frn ekervgen till lten

CAR-ROAD

WALKPATH

QUARRY BORDER

ROAD FOR DUMPERS

NEGLECTED WALKING PATH

PRODUcTIONarea

Powerline

LAXSJN

REAXSJN

BISJN

SNORRAN

NYTORPSSJN

istorpSJN

BONAVIK naturereserv

JOMPEN

P

gate

JEHANDERS office

laxsjn

current entrance

old entrance

VG ANPASSAD FR DUMPRAR

BILVG

eftersatt gngstig

GNGSTRK

TKTGRNS

dock

Road fromekervgen to lten

Lten

2Future-extraction map. Gradient that shows how the industrialactivity will come to an end at Lten.

L1

n0

v1

n2

n3

LB

BU

n4

nv

L3

L2/n1

gravel extraction

planed wetland

storage-area

Storage area / extraction gravel

rock extraction

soil with clay

Conservation Area

L1

n0

n2

n3

LB

BU

n4

nv

L3

L2/n1

quarry permit

3Table shows the red-listed species that where amongst theselection of umbrella species.

Picture. Map of umbrella species at Lten.

Figur 7. Urval paraplyarter.

REDLISTED SPECIES AT LTEN

Species Category Speciesconnec0on

Alismawahlenbergii-Smsval*ng VU No

Anacampsisfuscella-Klversobermal EN No

Andrenanigrospina-Sotsandbi NT No

Arachnospilawesterlundi-Tallmovgstekel VU No

Bankerafuligineoalba-Talltaggsvamp NT No

Bembixrostrata-Lppstekel NT Yes

BlysmuscompressusOrganismgrupp-Pla.sv NT No

Boletopsisgrisea-Tallgr*cka VU No

Botrychiumlunaria-Mnlsbrken NT No

Buglossoidesarvensisvar.arvensis-Vitsminkrot NT No

Charadriusdubius-Mindrestrandpipare - No

Chimaphilaumbellata-Ryl EN No

Hesperiacomma-Silversmygare NT No

Myo*sna.ereri-Fransfladdermus VU No

Nothorhinamuricata-Reliktbock NT No

Phellodonconnatus-Svartvittaggsvamp NT No

Priocnemisminuta-Dvrgvgstekel VU No

Pterygoneurumovatum-Stjrtmossa NT No

Raphanusraphanistrum-kerrVka VU No

Ripariariparia-Backsvala NT Yes

Sarcodonfuligineoviolaceus-LilakVgtaggsvamp EN No

Sarcodonscabrosus-Skrovligtaggsvamp NT No

Sarcodonsquamosus-Motaggsvampen NT No

Sarcosomaglobosum-Bombmurkla VU No

Stagonomusbipunctatus-Veronikabrfis NT No

Thymuspulegioides-Stor*mjan VU No

Uniopictorum-ktamlarmussla NT No

Viciavillosa-Luddvicker VU No

POTENTIAL SPECIES (FOUND IN THE AREA)

Species Category Speciesconnec0on

Myo*sna.ereri-Fransfladdermus VU No

BuboBubo-Berguv VU No

KATEGORIER I RDLISTAN

-

UTDD EX

Nationellt utdd RE

AKUT hotad CR

Starkt Hotad EN

Srbar VU

nra hotad NT

kunskapsbrist dd

Livskraftig LC

Nationellt utdd

AKUT hotad

Starkt Hotad

Srbar

nra hotad

Livskraftig

HO

TAD

ER

DLI

STAD

E

KUN

SKAP

SBRI

ST

Figur 1. Den svenska rdlistans kategorier

1000 m

SPecies selection

4

Selected biotopesBiotopes connected to sand-and gravel quarriesthat exist at Lten, or

potentially could exist here was seleted and mapped in dialogewith Gran Thor101, ecologist and professor at the department ofnature at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.

The biotopes are:1. Shallow quarry waters, picture 1.2.Sand-slope, picture 2.3. Steep bedrock, picture 3.4. Sandy nutrientpoor Mlar-shore, picture 4.5. Powerline corridor, picture 5.6.Sun-exposed sandy soil, picture 6.7. Concrete culvert, picture 7.8.Clearings in sandy pineforest, picture 8.

10. Gran Thor. Consultation. SLU, Ultuna 19 february 2016.

biotope Selection

Picture 1. Shallow waters, southern quarry.

Picture 2. Sandslope, southern part of the quarry.

Picture 4. Sandy nutrient poor Mlar-shore, shore at Bisjn.

Picture 5. Powerline, north Lten

Picture 6. Sun-exposed sandy soil in early succsession, areaaround Reaxsjn

Picture 7. Concrete-culvert at the machinepark.

Picture 8. Clearing in sandy pineforest.

Picture 3. Steep bedrock, existing extraction edge, southernquarry.

5 Illustration of stages, area for grazing animals in grey

ETAPP 6

ETAPP 1

ETAPP 2

ETAPP 3

ETAPP 4

ETAPP 5

STAGE 3

STAGE 6

STAGE 1

STAGE 2

STAGE 4

STAGE 5

New harbour

Stages of implementation

6

Sun exposedsandy soil

sunexposed sandy soil

BRidges

New harbour + BRidge

bridges

bridge

bridge

section

overall idea : spine + 8 designed biotops

+tertrt r retert er ert terter e5 rt er ffffffffffffffffff ffgsrg sdfg

df f sdf sdf sdf sghtj tjhthuththththt hthththh t yhththth- dthththdthththt thth t t jag r en liten bergh u som inte

kan hittas p ngot anat stlle io rlden n p lten , ja juset dcet sr det faktiskt , men jag kan inte stas fr dvaknar jag pch blirarg

klversobermalen liten maen liten mal l som bor i skogen medvrdvxten skogsklver,

men bara p torkstressade sdanna. Malen lever vlidgt begrnsat ochr knuten tillp plantan , var frsiktig var du

dtter dina ftter, ocg grv inte runt i hgarna bksb gmklbg gkklggll gklks kkg kkd dkkdnddddd men du kan ju gra som

du vill om du vill men klversobermlane komemr inte att gilla omdu abra trmapar p den

affff men vi kan inte hinfrea er , effff mmeene emme affff menvi kan inte hinfrea er , effff mmeene emme fafaff faff ff fasf fsfasf af f afaf f fmk vvjjjjjjssjsls sk skjsks

sks sks sks sk kf fkkf kfnmfk

: DESIGNED BIOTOPE

7

Section of Ltens main path for visitors: The Spine. The existingdumperroad is dug out in the middle, bellow the groundwater level,and a waterway is created. The material that is dugged out is usedas enbankments on the sides of the new road. These enbankmentscreates dry and sun-exposed-microbiotopes and helps to connect thisbiotope at Lten. The spine also works as a ecological corridor forshallow quarry-waters. Generally the dumper-road lies low in thelandscape, and where the height differance becomes to much, theidea of digging down to the groundwater level is not carried out.Bridges enables passage over the spine.

Design spine

Section of existing dumper-road10 m

8

BIRD ISLANDS- Little ringe plover

Stage 1

Quarry-lake becomes bird area

Species and biotope conservations principles:

Sun-exposed shallow bodies of water with variations in depth andbottom-structure creates high biodiversity.

The waterbody should be free from fish and crayfish as thisdiminishes biodiversity.

The waterbodys form should be complex, with a long shorelinerelative to its area. This creates a rich fauna with a highbiodiversity.

The waterbody should have a wide, gently sloping shore. Thefauna that thrives in this riparian zone requires periodicdisturbance to be kept in an early successions-stage. A threemeters long riparian zone, contains nearly twice as many species asa steep , nonexistent one, where land merges directly into thewater.

Design:

Create a complex system of connected waterbodies. Create a wide,sloping riparian zone, with many micro environments

where regular disturbance occurs. The bird area is created withseveral secluded bird-islands that visitors

cant reach.

Section A-a. The lakes riparian zones are to be shallow.

Photomontage. Parts of the newly created quarrylake can beexplored through industrial inpired footbridges.

Plan. Scale: 1: 8000

a

A

9snitt skala xxxx

Floating bird-observatory- sand martin

Photomontage. Birdobservatory with the binocular-station at thetop.

Section A-a.

Excavation-machine becomes bird-observatory

Species and biotope conservations principles:

The sand martin needs sandy slopes where the soil consist offine-grained material. Even slopes with fine-grained rock can serveas breeding grounds for the bird.

Non-windy slopes facing southeast or south is especiallyfavorable. The vertical slopes should be at least 3-4 meters highso that foxes

and other predators do not reach the nest.

Design:

Bringing people in front of the slope rather than behind it.Today it is difficult to see the nests for visitors. In the designthe visitor can see the sand martins up-close.

A platform with binoculars is created where the sand martinslopes can be clearly studied.

Upon completion of Jehanders extraction, if needed, measuresshould be taken to mechanically create suitable slopes ifneeded.

Stage 1Plan. Scale: 1: 4000

A

a

10

tertrt r retert er ert terter e5 rt er ffffffffffffffffff ffgsrg sdfgdf f sdf sdf sdf sghtj tjhthuththththt hthththh tyhththth-

dth ththdthththt thth t t jag r en liten bergh u som inte kanhittas p ngot anat stlle io rlden n p lten , ja

juset dcet s r det faktiskt , men jag kan inte stas fr dvaknarjag pch blir arg

OWL PILLAR- Eagle-owl

Photomontage. On the north side of the pillar climbing might beallowed.

Plan. Scale: 1: 6000

Design:

A pillar of bedrock is left at the existing excavation site. Thepillar is created with a rock-shelf where predators can notreach

the nest. Adjacent to the pillar a place for ceremonies iscreated.

Stage 2

A a

Saved bedrock becomes a owl pillar

Species and biotope conservations principles:

Certain parts of the bedrock are preserved and this creates anesting ground for the Eagle-Owl.

The nest area is to be remote for visitors and predators.

Section A-a.

11

FRAME IT- Alisma wahlenbergii

Photomontage. The frame enables the visitor to see theunder-water species and the sunken ships up-close.

Plan Scale:1:2000

Experience industrial heritage and a rare underwater plant

Species and biotope conservations principles: Low nutrientavailability. Non shaded shores where daylight reaches the bottom.Non muddy water with a calm water that creates minimalcloudiness

of the water. Removing of reed and keeping grazing animalspromotes the species.

Design:

Create a protecting frame at the new site for AlismaWahlenbergii, with good opportunities for daylight to hit thebottom.

Visitors arriving to Lten via boat, are not allowed to anchor atthis site.

The use of grazing animals by the shoreline creates a betterhabitat for the plant.

Because the species is so fragile the location of the primarycolony is keep secret, so that visitors do not have an negativeimpact on it.

Grazing animals along the seaside is allowed in Stage 3, theframe is created in Stage 5.

a

A

Section A-a.

12

Scale: 1 : 4000

BEE-PARADISE- Sand wasp

Section A-a. Between the mounds there are different trainingactivities.

Photomontage. The warm micro-climate at the mounds createsexcellent conditions for sun-loving insects.

Exercise 2and bees in co-existence

Species and biotope conservations principles:

The sunexposed sand should be free from trees. Abundance offlowers adjacent to Bembix rostatas nest promotes the

species. Human disturbance by footsteps helps the species, sincelower

vegetation and lichenes are then kept of. Topographic structuresis of great value for the species and other sun-

loving species, a warm microclimate can be created and the heatcan be enhanced if the topographic structures are facing thesun.

Design:

Sun-facing mounds is created. The mounds sun-exposed sidesconsists of sand and gravel and the north sides has a layer of soilwhere regional flowers can blossom. The flowers serves as nutrientsfor the insects in the biotope. The outer mounds are higher tofurther create a warm, still microclimate.

A training-area for exercise, sports, mountainbike and play iscreated and creates disturbance. The activities are places in sucha way that human disturbance is created all over the site.

Massive mounds of sand and gravel from the industry are leftuntouched, and can now be used for exercise and play.

A pitch for Bee-football is created, and this area is designedwith goals and corner-flags.

Plan. Stage 4

A

a

13

Butterfly corridor- Silver spotted skipper

Section. The design of the butterfly hotels is influeced by theform of Ltens industrial structures.

Principle for placement of the butterfly hotels. Theses hotspotsdistributes the disturbance in the butterfly corridor.

Photomontage. Camping-ground by Reaxsjn.

Plan Scale: 1:8000

Powerline corridor becomes butterfly haven

Species and biotope conservations principles:

Measures to create exposed sand-areas Keep an early successionstage and stop trees from growing big. Targeted butterflymeasures.

Design:

Multifunctional butterfly-hotels are created and placed underthe power-lines. These distributed hotspots makes the visitorscreate disturbance through the whole site.

Where the power-line corridor reaches the quarry limits severalbutterfly-hotels are placed to create an especially goodenvironment, and this would further attract butterflies and otherinsects from the surrounding landscape.

A trail for mountainbike and horses goes through the site.

Stage 5

14

Batmachine- Natterers bat

Photomontage. The machinepark at night.

Plan Scale: 1:4000

The production area promotes bats

Species and biotope conservations principles:

Improve existing environments so that other species can notdisturb the Natterers bat during the hibernation.

Make sure the species have a good supply of food as thehibernation is over in early spring.

Lights attracts insects.

Design:

Close the concrete culverts so that a good hibernationenvironment is created.

Make sure the bat has enough food in early spring. A lightdesign attracts insects nighttime. Plantation with early bloomingvegetation is created.

A

a

Stage 5

Section A-a. The visitor can experience the machine park atdifferent levels. At the existing shippingdock there are severalconcrete culvers that with measures can inbibit bats.

15

klversobermalen liten maen liten mal l som bor i skogen medvrdvxten skogsklver,

men bara p torkstressade sdanna. Malen lever vlidgt begrnsat ochr knuten tillp plantan , var frsiktig var du

dtter dina ftter, ocg grv inte runt i hgarna bksb gmklbg gkklggll gklks kkg kkd dkkdnddddd men du kan ju gra som

du vill om du vill men klversobermlane komemr inte att gilla omdu abra trmapar p den

affff men vi kan inte hinfrea er , effff mmeene emme affff menvi kan inte hinfrea er , effff mmeene emme fafaff faff ff fasf fsfasf af f afaf f fmk vvjjjjjjssjsls sk skjsks

sks sks sks sk kf fkkf kfnmfk

Clover clearings- Clover moth

Photomontage.In every designed biotope there is informartionabout the umbrella species.

Plan. Scale: 1: 8000

Principle for after treatment of the storage-area. Thegeobarrier is removed in certain areas.

Tires safeguards the species

Species and biotope conservations principles:

Expand the biotope by creating new clearings. At the driestlocations the forest should be cleared, and this should be at thehighest topographical points.

Create new clearings adjacent to where the moth has been found.Keep the clearings from closing themselves.

Design:

The sandy-pineforest is a large connected biotope all troughLten. Wherefore there are good possibilities to create newclearings.

Masses of sand are placed in these clearings, which preventsthem from closing.

Tires filled with soil, where the hostplant zigzag-clover isplanted can be moved around Lten once the moth inhabits it.

The layer of clay at the storage-area with masses from FrbifartStockholm, should be removed at some locations and then filled withsand, which are measures to create new clearings in the future.

Stage 6